Asterisk 15, Jack, streams, speech recognition... so many questions!

The tools you are referring to don’t use the actual Asterisk speech recognition API. The speech recognition API provides a stream of media as received to the engine in a format it asks for, and then expects the engine to provide feedback (such as end of speech detected, start of speech detected, results). I expect noone has really looked into doing such a thing and just used what was at hand to interface, as it is easier.